用于Python中的进程和系统监视的跨平台库psutil

>>> import psutil

>>>

>>> psutil.cpu_times()

scputimes(user=3961.46, nice=169.729, system=2150.659, idle=16900.540, iowait=629.59, irq=0.0, softirq=19.42, steal=0.0, guest=0, nice=0.0)

>>>

>>> for x in range(3):

... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)

...

4.0

5.9

3.8

>>>

>>> for x in range(3):

... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True)

...

[4.0, 6.9,3.7, 9.2]

[7.0, 8.5, 2.4, 2.1]

[1.2, 9.0, 9.9, 7.2]

>>>

>>> for x in range(3):

...     psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=1, percpu=False)

...

scputimes(user=1.5, nice=0.0, system=0.5, idle=96.5, iowait=1.5, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)

scputimes(user=1.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=99.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)

scputimes(user=2.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=98.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)

>>>

>>> psutil.cpu_count()

4

>>> psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)

2

>>>

>>> psutil.cpu_stats()

scpustats(ctx_switches=20455687, interrupts=6598984, soft_interrupts=2134212, syscalls=0)

>>>

>>> psutil.cpu_freq()

scpufreq(current=931.42925, min=800.0, max=3500.0)

>>>

>>> psutil.getloadavg()  # also on Windows (emulated)

(3.14, 3.89, 4.67)

>>> psutil.virtual_memory()

svmem(total=10367352832, available=6472179712, percent=37.6, used=8186245120, free=2181107712, active=4748992512, inactive=2758115328, buffers=790724608, cached=3500347392, shared=787554304)

>>> psutil.swap_memory()

sswap(total=2097147904, used=296128512, free=1801019392, percent=14.1, sin=304193536, sout=677842944)

>>>

>>> psutil.disk_partitions()

[sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,nosuid'),

 sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda2', mountpoint='/home', fstype='ext, opts='rw')]

>>>

>>> psutil.disk_usage('/')

sdiskusage(total=21378641920, used=4809781248, free=15482871808, percent=22.5)

>>>

>>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False)

sdiskio(read_count=719566, write_count=1082197, read_bytes=18626220032, write_bytes=24081764352, read_time=5023392, write_time=63199568, read_merged_count=619166, write_merged_count=812396, busy_time=4523412)

>>>

>>> psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)

{ 'eth0': netio(bytes_sent=485291293, bytes_recv=6004858642, packets_sent=3251564, packets_recv=4787798, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0),

 'lo': netio(bytes_sent=2838627, bytes_recv=2838627, packets_sent=30567, packets_recv=30567, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)}

>>>

>>> psutil.net_connections()

[sconn(fd=115, family=2>, type=1>, laddr=addr(ip='10.0.0.1', port=48776), raddr=addr(ip='93.186.135.91', port=80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=1254),

 sconn(fd=117, family=2>, type=1>, laddr=addr(ip='10.0.0.1', port=43761), raddr=addr(ip='72.14.234.100', port=80), status='CLOSING', pid=2987),

 ...]

>>>

>>> psutil.net_if_addrs()

{ 'lo': [snicaddr(family=2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast='127.0.0.1', ptp=None),

        snicaddr(family=10>, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None),

        snicaddr(family=17>, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast='00:00:00:00:00:00', ptp=None)],

 'wlan0': [snicaddr(family=2>, address='192.168.1.3', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.1.255', ptp=None),

           snicaddr(family=10>, address='fe80::c685:8ff:fe45:641%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None),

           snicaddr(family=17>, address='c4:85:08:45:06:41', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]}

>>>

>>> psutil.net_if_stats()

{ 'lo': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=0>, speed=0, mtu=65536),

 'wlan0': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=2>, speed=100, mtu=1500)}

>>>

>>> import psutil

>>> psutil.sensors_temperatures()

{ 'acpitz': [shwtemp(label='', current=47.0, high=103.0, critical=103.0)],

 'asus': [shwtemp(label='', current=47.0, high=None, critical=None)],

 'coretemp': [shwtemp(label='Physical id 0', current=52.0, high=100.0, critical=100.0),

              shwtemp(label='Core 0', current=45.0, high=100.0, critical=100.0)]}

>>>

>>> psutil.sensors_fans()

{ 'asus': [sfan(label='cpu_fan', current=3200)]}

>>>

>>> psutil.sensors_battery()

sbattery(percent=93, secsleft=16628, power_plugged=False)

>>>

>>> import psutil

>>> psutil.users()

[suser(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/2', host='localhost', started=1340737536.0, pid=1352),

 suser(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/3', host='localhost', started=1340737792.0, pid=1788)]

>>>

>>> psutil.boot_time()

1365519115.0

>>>

>>> import psutil

>>> psutil.pids()

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 46, 48, 50, 51, 178, 182, 222, 223, 224, 268, 1215, 1216, 1220, 1221, 1243, 1244,

 1301, 1601, 2237, 2355, 2637, 2774, 3932, 4176, 4177, 4185, 4187, 4189, 4225, 4243, 4245, 4263, 4282,

 4306, 4311, 4312, 4313, 4314, 4337, 4339, 4357, 4358, 4363, 4383, 4395, 4408, 4433, 4443, 4445, 4446,

 5167, 5234, 5235, 5252, 5318, 5424, 5644, 6987, 7054, 7055, 7071]

>>>

>>> p = psutil.Process(7055)

>>> p

psutil.Process(pid=7055, name='python', started='09:04:44')

>>> p.name()

'python'

>>> p.exe()

'/usr/bin/python'

>>> p.cwd()

'/home/giampaolo'

>>> p.cmdline()

['/usr/bin/python', 'main.py']

>>>

>>> p.pid

7055

>>> p.ppid()

7054

>>> p.children(recursive=True)

[psutil.Process(pid=29835, name='python2.7', started='11:45:38'),

 psutil.Process(pid=29836, name='python2.7', started='11:43:39')]

>>>

>>> p.parent()

psutil.Process(pid=4699, name='bash', started='09:06:44')

>>> p.parents()

[psutil.Process(pid=4699, name='bash', started='09:06:44'),

 psutil.Process(pid=4689, name='gnome-terminal-server', started='0:06:44'),

 psutil.Process(pid=1, name='systemd', started='05:56:55')]

>>>

>>> p.status()

'running'

>>> p.username()

'giampaolo'

>>> p.create_time()

1267551141.5019531

>>> p.terminal()

'/dev/pts/0'

>>>

>>> p.uids()

puids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)

>>> p.gids()

pgids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)

>>>

>>> p.cpu_times()

pcputimes(user=1.02, system=0.31, children_user=0.32, children_system=0.1, iowait=0.0)

>>> p.cpu_percent(interval=1.0)

12.1

>>> p.cpu_affinity()

[0, 1, 2, 3]

>>> p.cpu_affinity([0, 1])  # set

>>> p.cpu_num()

1

>>>

>>> p.memory_info()

pmem(rss=10915840, vms=67608576, shared=3313664, text=2310144, lib=0, data=7262208, dirty=0)

>>> p.memory_full_info()  # "real" USS memory usage (Linux, macOS, Win only)

pfullmem(rss=10199040, vms=52133888, shared=3887104, text=2867200, lib=0, data=5967872, dirty=0, uss=6545408, pss=6872064, swap=0)

>>> p.memory_percent()

0.7823

>>> p.memory_maps()

[pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x8664-linux-gnu/libutil-2.15.so', rss=32768, size=2125824, pss=32768, shared_clean=0, shared_dirty=0, private_clean=20480, private_dirty=12288, referenced=32768, anonymous=12288, swap=0),

 pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x8664-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so', rss=3821568, size=3842048, pss=3821568, shared_clean=0, shared_dirty=0, private_clean=0, private_dirty=3821568, referenced=3575808, anonymous=3821568, swap=0),

 pmmap_grouped(path='[heap]',  rss=32768, size=139264, pss=32768, shared_clean=0, shared_dirty=0, private_clean=0, private_dirty=32768, referenced=32768, anonymous=32768, swap=0),

 pmmap_grouped(path='[stack]', rss=2465792, size=2494464, pss=2465792, shared_clean=0, shared_dirty=0, private_clean=0, private_dirty=2465792, referenced=2277376, anonymous=2465792, swap=0),

 ...]

>>>

>>> p.io_counters()

pio(read_count=478001, write_count=59371, read_bytes=700416, write_bytes=69632, read_chars=456232, write_chars=517543)

>>>

>>> p.open_files()

[popenfile(path='/home/giampaolo/monit.py', fd=3, position=0, mode='r', flags=32768),

 popenfile(path='/var/log/monit.log', fd=4, position=235542, mode='a', flags=33793)]

>>>

>>> p.connections()

[pconn(fd=115, family=2>, type=1>, laddr=addr(ip='10.0.0.1', port=48776), raddr=addr(ip='93.186.135.91', port=80), status='ESTABLISHED'),

 pconn(fd=117, family=2>, type=1>, laddr=addr(ip='10.0.0.1', port=43761), raddr=addr(ip='72.14.234.100', port=80), status='CLOSING')]

>>>

>>> p.num_threads()

4

>>> p.num_fds()

8

>>> p.threads()

[pthread(id=5234, user_time=22.5, system_time=9.2891),

 pthread(id=5237, user_time=0.0707, system_time=1.1)]

>>>

>>> p.num_ctx_switches()

pctxsw(voluntary=78, involuntary=19)

>>>

>>> p.nice()

0

>>> p.nice(10)  # set

>>>

>>> p.ionice(psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE)  # IO priority (Win and Linux only)

>>> p.ionice()

pionice(ioclass=3>, value=0)

>>>

>>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (5, 5))  # set resource limits (Linux only)

>>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE)

(5, 5)

>>>

>>> p.environ()

{ 'LC_PAPER': 'it_IT.UTF-8', 'SHELL': '/bin/bash', 'GREP_OPTIONS': '--color=auto',

'XDG_CONFIG_DIRS': '/etc/xdg/xdg-ubuntu:/usr/share/upstart/xdg:/etc/xdg',

 ...}

>>>

>>> p.as_dict()

{ 'status': 'running', 'num_ctx_switches': pctxsw(voluntary=63, involuntary=1), 'pid': 5457, ...}

>>> p.is_running()

True

>>> p.suspend()

>>> p.resume()

>>>

>>> p.terminate()

>>> p.kill()

>>> p.wait(timeout=3)

0

>>>

>>> psutil.test()

USER         PID %CPU %MEM     VSZ     RSS TTY        START    TIME  COMMAND

root           1  0.0  0.0   24584    2240            Jun17   00:00  init

root           2  0.0