C#学习小结

        public static Boolean IsComing=false ;

        public static int TimeOutCount=0;

}

在窗口实例类中，可以用Static.TimeOutCount这种格式调用变量。

3、C#中没有全局变量，但可以使用命名空间和静态变实现类似功能，下面的例子定义了一个用户类，初始化用户名后，在filetobase命名空间的其它类都可以获得用户名  
namespace  FileToBase{  
public  class  user  
{   private  static  string  userName;  
   public  user(string  name)  
   { userName=name;  
   }  
         public  static  string  UserName  
       {  
           get  
           {  
                 return  userName;  
           }  
       }  
 }  

3）数组和枚举运用

1、一维数组

public byte[] ValueSJSOE;//事件SOE的个数（没有实例化，和定义其个数）

 public byte[] ValueSGSOE;//事故SOE的个数

 

 private int[] eachMessHasKeyNum ={ 8,8,5,8,3,8,8,8,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,2};//下面读取报文中的KEY个数（定义，实例化）

 

 //整定值写报文的KEY和Value

public byte[] LastKeyValueZDZ=new byte[11];

 

 //系统参数和继电器的写报文的KEY和Value

 public byte[] LastKeyValueSystemParm = new byte[6];

public byte[] LastKeyValueJDQ=new byte[6];

2、交错数组

定义：

public byte[][] KEYValueJKZ;//把读取监控值的KEY和Value存在数据里

实例化：

//初始化存储各个仪表数据的数组

            KEYValueJKZ=new byte[JKZNum][];//JKZNum 是一个常量

            for(int i=0 ;i

            {

                KEYValueJKZ[i]=new byte[6]; //每个数组的头两位是KEY

            }

 

赋值：

            for (int i = 0; i < JKZNum; i++)

            {

                KEYValueJKZ[i][0] =Convert.ToByte (i + 8);

                KEYValueJKZ[i][1] = 0x41;

            }

注意：交错数组与二维数组的差别

若：public byte[,] KEYValueJKZ1

则KEYValueJKZ1[1,]这样用是错误的。

而可以用KEYValueJKZ[1]，返回的是一个数组。

4、 枚举

Public enum DataQueueTypes {AllMess,JKKGSOE,SJSOE,SGSOE,wJDQ,

wSystemParm,wZDZ};

public DataQueueTypes SendDataQueueType;

 

4）线程

例子：

private Thread CheckSendDataType;

CheckSendDataType = new Thread(new ThreadStart (CheckSendData));创建一个线程，用于识别发送区的数据格式

//创建一个线程，用于识别发送区的数据格式
        private void CheckSendData()
        {

        ………….

      }

5)数值处理

1、输入一串字符，判断是否是16进制，并把字符串转化为对应的数值。

// 用于检测发送数据区的数据格式的过程。
        private Boolean CheckGetSendData(String strSendData)
        {
           if (strSendData != "")
     {
               foreach (char chrTemp in strSendData)  // 检测数据的合法性
                   {
                      if (chrTemp == 0x20)
                           continue;
                      else if (chrTemp >= 0x30 && chrTemp <= 0x39)
                           continue;
                      else if (chrTemp >= 0x41 && chrTemp <= 0x46)
                           continue;
                      else if (chrTemp >= 0x61 && chrTemp <= 0x66)
                            continue;
                      else
                            {
                             return (false);      
                             }

                   }
                   try
                   {
                       String[] strData = strSendData.Split(Convert.ToChar(0x20));
                        int index, intCount = strData.Length;
                        byte[] bytDataTemp = new byte[intCount];
                        for (index = 0; index < intCount; index++)  //16 进制数据的字符串长度不能超过 2
                        {
                            if (strData[index].Length > 2)
                            {
                            return(false );
                            }
                        }
                        for (index = 0; index < intCount; index++)
                        {
                            bytDataTemp[index] = Convert.ToByte(strData[index], 16);// 把字符串转化成对应的字节数组
                         }
                            bytSendData = bytDataTemp;
                            return (true);
                     }
                      catch (Exception ex)
                      {
                       Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                       return (false);
                       }
                       finally
                       {
                       }
              }
              return (false);

         }

2、把收到的16进制数据转化成字符串

        private string ByteArrayToHexString(byte[] data)

        {

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(data.Length * 3);

            foreach (byte b in data)

                sb.Append(Convert.ToString(b, 16).PadLeft(2, '0').PadRight(3, ' '));

            return sb.ToString().ToUpper();

        }

3、 双浮点数保留两位数

Double Temp;

String strTemp;

Temp=123.8956;

strTemp=Temp.ToString(“f2”);

4、 把长度为四的数组，转化为整数；整数转化为双浮点数的算术运算；

妙数转化为日期；以一定日期格式输出日期。

public static    string GetDateTime(byte[] Data)

        {

            long milSecond = 0;

            long Second = 0;

            double totalSecond = 0;

            DateTime dt = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);//开始日期为1970-1-1 0:0:0

            for (int i = 3; i >= 0; i--)

            {

                milSecond <<= 8;

                milSecond = milSecond ^ Data[4 + i];//转化为整数

            }

            if (milSecond > 1000)

               milSecond = 0;

           for (int i = 3; i >= 0; i--)

           {

               Second <<= 8;

               Second =Second ^Data[i];

           }

            totalSecond = (double)Second + (double)(milSecond / 1000);//转化为double再除，才能保存小数后面的数。

            dt = dt.AddSeconds(totalSecond);//妙数转化为日期。

            return dt.ToString("yyyy年MM月dd日HH:mm:ss");//以特定的格式，输出日期

        }

6）用到的控件

1、 SerialPort串口控件

 

（1．1）以下是读取，电脑的串口特性，以供选择。

      using System.IO.Ports;

    private void LoadSerialPortConfiguration()
        {
            foreach (string s in SerialPort.GetPortNames())
            {
                cmbPortName.Items.Add(s);
            }

            foreach (string s in Enum.GetNames(typeof(Parity)))
            {
                cmbParity.Items.Add(s); 
            }

            foreach (string s in Enum.GetNames(typeof(StopBits)))
            {
                cmbStopBits.Items.Add(s); 
            }

// 波特率和数据位可以分别在 combobox 中的 items 手动输入。
        }

（ 1 ． 2 ）设置串口控件

（波特率，奇偶校验，数据位，停止位）设置

// 设置 serialPort1 的串口属性
                    serialPort1.PortName = cmbPortName.Text;
                    serialPort1.BaudRate = int.Parse(cmbBaudRate.Text);
                    serialPort1.DataBits = int.Parse(cmbDataBits.Text);
                    serialPort1.StopBits = (StopBits)Enum.Parse(typeof(StopBits), cmbStopBits.Text);
                    serialPort1.Parity = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), cmbParity.Text);

                    // 打开串口
                    serialPort1.Open();
（ 1.3 ）发送数据

private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (bComOpen == true)
            {
                if (bSendHex == true)
                {
                    if (CheckGetSendData(txtSend.Text.Trim() ) == true)
                    {
                        byte[] data=bytSendData ;
                        // 以字节格式发送数据
                        intSendDataCount += data.Length;
                        serialPort1.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                        groupBox2.Text = " 发送区    ：发送数据成功！ ";
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        groupBox2.Text = " 发送区    ：发送数据有错！ ";
                        if (chkAutoSend.Checked == true)  // 当定时发送时，如果数据格式错误的话，就停止定时器
                        {
                            tmrAutoSend.Enabled = false;
                            chkAutoSend.Checked = false;
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    // 以文本格式发送数据
                    serialPort1.Write(txtSend.Text);
                    intSendDataCount += txtSend.Text.Length;
                    groupBox2.Text = " 发送区    ：发送数据成功！ ";
                }
            }
        }

（ 1 ． 4 ）接收并显示数据

串口数据的接收是一个事件，可以通过设置其接收字节数阀值属性 ReceivedBytesThreshold （ N ），来确定当接收大于 N 个字节数时，产生一个接收事件。有一点很重要的是，接收事件是托管给 CLT 的事件池的，也就是说运行在另一个独立线程中。所以要把接收到的数据显示在串口控件上，不能直接赋值。要通过控件的触发函数（ txtReceiveDataCount.Invoke(new EventHandler(delegate {      显示数据语句         })) ）

private void serialPort1_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
           
            if (bReceiveHex == true)
            {
                DataReceivedEventHandler DataReceive = new DataReceivedEventHandler(this.HexDataReceive);
                DataReceive();
            }
            else
            {
                DataReceivedEventHandler DataReceive = new DataReceivedEventHandler(this.TextDataReceive);
                DataReceive();
            }
          
        }

        private void chkReceiveHex_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)// 事件
        {
            if (chkReceiveHex.Checked == true)
                bReceiveHex = true;
            else
                bReceiveHex = false;
        }
        // 以文本格式显示
        private void TextDataReceive()
        {
            String strReceiveData = serialPort1.ReadExisting();
            intReceiveDataCount += strReceiveData.Length;
            Log(strReceiveData);
        }

        // 以 16 进制数据显示
        private void HexDataReceive()
        {
            // Obtain the number of bytes waiting in the port's buffer
            int bytes = serialPort1.BytesToRead;

            // Create a byte array buffer to hold the incoming data
            byte[] buffer = new byte[bytes];

            intReceiveDataCount += bytes;

            // Read the data from the port and store it in our buffer
            serialPort1.Read(buffer, 0, bytes);
                // Show the user the incoming data in hex format
                Log ( ByteArrayToHexString(buffer));
        }

        // 在接收区显示数据
        private void Log(string msg)
        {
            if (bStopShow == false)
            {
                txtReceive.Invoke(new EventHandler(delegate
                {
                    txtReceive.AppendText(msg);
                    txtReceive.ScrollToCaret();
                }));
            }
            txtReceiveDataCount.Invoke(new EventHandler(delegate { txtReceiveDataCount.Text = intReceiveDataCount.ToString(); }));
            txtSendDataCount.Invoke(new EventHandler(delegate { txtSendDataCount.Text = intSendDataCount.ToString(); }));
        }

2、   Timer 控件

发送请求报文，要用到定时器定时发送，要注意的是：在发送数据时候，要先把定时器关闭，发送完数据后，再把定时器开启。以免正在发送数据时，定时器定时事件发生时去实行其他的函数，而导致没有把应该发送的数据发送出去。

Static.tmrCommunicate = new System.Timers.Timer();

Static.tmrCommunicate.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(SendData);

Static.tmrCommunicate.Interval = 200;

private void SendData(object source, ElapsedEventArgs e)

        {

            if (!Static.IsComing)

            {

                Static.tmrCommunicate.Enabled = false;   // 关定时器

                Static.IsComing = true;

                byte[] SendDataMess;

                SendDataMess = WorkMess.GetSendData();

                if (SendDataMess != null)

                    Static.ComPort.Write(SendDataMess, 0, SendDataMess.Length);

                Static.tmrCommunicate.Enabled = true;   // 定时器的调用函数一定要在实行过程中，先关后开

            }

            else

                TimeOutHandler(); // 检测是否超时，若是并做处理

       }

3、   ListView 控件

4、   TabControl 控件

用程序代码选择 TabControl 控件的标签，

private void ToolStripMenuItemSystemParm_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            if (tabControlMain.Visible == false)

            {

                tabControlMain.Visible = true;

                panelMain.Visible = false;

 

            }

            tabControlMain.SelectedIndex = 1;// 选择第二个标签

        }